Let’s see what you’ve learned! This is the final exam at the end of this course. Click the answers that you think are correct and submit your quiz at the bottom of the page to record your score. Your score on the final exam will be recorded. Passing score is 70%.
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Question 1 of 76
1. Question
True or False: An overwhelming majority of Earth’s water is saltwater, and most of it is stored in oceans.Â
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Question 2 of 76
2. Question
The ground soaks up most of the water that falls over land through a process called…
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Question 3 of 76
3. Question
True or False: Localized incidents can have widespread effects because all of the water that falls in a particular watershed goes to the same place.Â
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Question 4 of 76
4. Question
True or False: Lakes and rivers hold more than two-thirds of the world’s freshwater.Â
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Question 5 of 76
5. Question
The water in the soil above the water table is called the…
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Question 6 of 76
6. Question
Groundwater that reaches the surface through a manmade outlet is called a (an)…
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Question 7 of 76
7. Question
True or False: Public-supply withdrawals from both surface water and groundwater sources are a large fraction of overall human withdrawals from the water cycle. T
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Question 8 of 76
8. Question
True or False: The Clean Water Act granted new regulatory authority to U.S. states with provisions that have direct impact on surface water resources and also apply to groundwater resources.Â
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Question 9 of 76
9. Question
True or False: The Safe Drinking Water Act in the United States does not apply to private water supplies and private wells.
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Question 10 of 76
10. Question
Which is not one of the three main types of private drinking water wells:
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Question 11 of 76
11. Question
True or False: In regions where hydrocarbon-rich formations lie close to the surface, methane migration is a natural phenomenon and the gas can migrate into an underground source of drinking water.Â
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Question 12 of 76
12. Question
True or False: The best strategy to document potential water quality impacts of any industrial operation is through baseline testing and inspection before any operations begin.
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Question 13 of 76
13. Question
Which is not one of the 6 broad categories for hazardous contaminants covered by U.S. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations?
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Question 14 of 76
14. Question
True or False: Unaccredited at-home tests can provide valuable information but are not admissible in any legal or official setting.
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Question 15 of 76
15. Question
True or False: Underground formations with enough freshwater to supply human uses are often known as aquifers.
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Question 16 of 76
16. Question
When injection water initially drawn from surface sources is later disposed of in deep formations, it is considered:
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Question 17 of 76
17. Question
More than a quarter of all water withdrawals in the U.S. came from only four states. Which state is not one of the four?
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Question 18 of 76
18. Question
Three sectors withdrew greater than 90% of the U.S. water use total. Which sector is not one of the three?
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Question 19 of 76
19. Question
True or False: The oil and gas industry produces about 10 times more water than oil.Â
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Question 20 of 76
20. Question
In the western U.S., water for hydraulic fracturing is derived mostly from…
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Question 21 of 76
21. Question
True or False: State agencies can retain primary enforcement authority over underground sources of drinking water if they demonstrate a program that at a minimum meets federal EPA regulations.Â
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Question 22 of 76
22. Question
In the eastern U.S., water for hydraulic fracturing is derived mostly from…
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Question 23 of 76
23. Question
The doctrine that a landowner with property containing water frontage receives the right to use water from that body of water is called…
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Question 24 of 76
24. Question
Prior Appropriation Doctrine is followed primarily by…
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Question 25 of 76
25. Question
The largest sector of water withdrawal in the U.S. is…
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Question 26 of 76
26. Question
Water used for oil and gas development in the U.S. is more than ______________ gallons per year.
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Question 27 of 76
27. Question
True or False: The industry standard for secondary containment is 100% of the largest tank volume within a given battery.
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Question 28 of 76
28. Question
True or False: Drought conditions and their added expenses encourage oil and gas operators to seek innovative fluid management solutions, including water recycling and non-water-based drilling fluids.
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Question 29 of 76
29. Question
For shale development, each well requires _________ for the hydraulic fracturing process.
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Question 30 of 76
30. Question
True or False: In the Bakken Shale Play, the ratio of flowback-produced water to oil produced increases as wells mature.Â
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Question 31 of 76
31. Question
Most UIC Class II wells are located in four states. Which is not one of those states?
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Question 32 of 76
32. Question
True or False: Natural gas fired power plants are less water intensive than either coal-fired or nuclear plants.
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Question 33 of 76
33. Question
True or False: In the Marcellus Play, about 25% of the produced water is reused for hydraulic fracturing.Â
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Question 34 of 76
34. Question
Which is not one of the concerns about recycling water, that is, recirculating flowback water through shale formations?
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Question 35 of 76
35. Question
True or False: Filter socks remove solid precipitants from wastewater, some of which may be hazardous.
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Question 36 of 76
36. Question
In contrast to current technology, early subsurface fracturing in the late 1800s primarily utilized _________
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Question 37 of 76
37. Question
True or False: Analysts project that continued unconventional operations in the Eagle Ford will have the same water intensity of conventional operations.
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Question 38 of 76
38. Question
True or False: All site selection considerations are regulated in the United States.
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Question 39 of 76
39. Question
Labeling best practices include all but one of the following items. Which one is not included?
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Question 40 of 76
40. Question
A _________________________ is a series of valves and fittings that sits above the top of the wellhead to control pressure.
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Question 41 of 76
41. Question
At a production site when the gas has sufficient water vapor to condense liquid water that could freeze and block flow, a(n) ______________________ is used.
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Question 42 of 76
42. Question
True to False: A vapor recovery system is a series of small gas compressors that collect and compress small gas volumes for use as fuel on site or added to gas sales.
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Question 43 of 76
43. Question
One method for allowing water to flow to the waterway but capture eroded soil on large construction sites is through the use of:
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Question 44 of 76
44. Question
True or False: During the surface reclamation process, the creation of steep slopes helps prevent erosion by running water.Â
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Question 45 of 76
45. Question
Double-walled tanks are an example of:
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Question 46 of 76
46. Question
Berms are an example of:
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Question 47 of 76
47. Question
True or False: Burial of drill cuttings is generally recommended in areas with shallow groundwater.
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Question 48 of 76
48. Question
True or False: During most onshore operations, drill cuttings are stored temporarily onsite in unlined earthen pits near the drilling rig.
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Question 49 of 76
49. Question
During construction of roads and production sites, operators should remove and store topsoil separately from subsoil and then replace topsoil as the top horizon during reclamation because:
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Question 50 of 76
50. Question
True or False: Compaction of soil through heavy machinery makes soil more susceptible to erosion.Â
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Question 51 of 76
51. Question
Beyond important nutrients, _____ is the most important measurable chemical property because it dictates the solubility of the nutrients in soil solution.
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Question 52 of 76
52. Question
The sector which contributes the most carbon dioxide is __________________________.
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Question 53 of 76
53. Question
As a greenhouse gas, methane has a lifetime of about _____ years.
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Question 54 of 76
54. Question
True or False: With tanks, fugitive emissions can come from a thief hatch, even if it is closed.
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Question 55 of 76
55. Question
Nitrogen oxides, an emission from fossil fuel combustion, combine with water in the atmosphere to:
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Question 56 of 76
56. Question
The two most common elements composing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material from geological sources are:
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Question 57 of 76
57. Question
Appropriate protective clothing and respirators can provide protection from:
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Question 58 of 76
58. Question
True or False: Immediate effects from exposure to radiation from TENORM include nausea, fatigue and cancer.
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Question 59 of 76
59. Question
True or False: For oil field workers or inspectors, the most common exposure to radiation will be through pipes, tanks, logging tools, produced water and cuttings.
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Question 60 of 76
60. Question
A state of equilibrium between developing or exploiting natural resources and preserving them so future generations can also benefit is:
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Question 61 of 76
61. Question
Items such as hard hats, safety shoes, fire-resistant clothing, eye protection, hearing protection, hydrogen sulfide gas detectors and gloves are called:
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Question 62 of 76
62. Question
True or False: Dermal absorption remains a major health and safety concern around oil and gas operations. Proper glove selection is the best defense against the risk of absorption.
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Question 63 of 76
63. Question
Which item below is typically added to drilling and production fluids to manage bacterial levels?
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Question 64 of 76
64. Question
Exposure to _______________ can introduce hematopoietic toxicity eventually leading to bone marrow damage and anemia.
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Question 65 of 76
65. Question
When natural gas contains a high concentration of H2S it is called:
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Question 66 of 76
66. Question
True or False: Since hydrogen sulfide is heavier than air, it flows downhill and settles in low places.Â
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Question 67 of 76
67. Question
Exposure to hydrogen sulfide at low concentrations may cause:
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Question 68 of 76
68. Question
The first line of defense against H2S is:
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Question 69 of 76
69. Question
In an emergency situation, the only lifeline available to a worker may be:
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Question 70 of 76
70. Question
Class B First Aid Kits include items to address complex and high-risk environments. Select the item not included in these kits:
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Question 71 of 76
71. Question
Public concern about an oil and gas operation affecting traffic near a wellsite is an example of:
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Question 72 of 76
72. Question
True or False: One of the best methods of maintaining social license is one-on-one engagement between the project managers and individual stakeholders.
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Question 73 of 76
73. Question
True or False: The “rotten eggs: smell of hydrogen sulfide can serve as a monitor of your exposure to the gas.
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Question 74 of 76
74. Question
Inhalation of _______ at a hydraulic fracturing site could lead to susceptibility to lung infections.
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Question 75 of 76
75. Question
The most significant hazards passed by hydrogen sulfide occur during the ______ phase.
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Question 76 of 76
76. Question
True or False: Noise, dust, light and traffic increases are examples of public concerns regarding disruption to their community.
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